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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean In addition to the learner-internal aspects, CLKs' awareness of their own resistance to change and the social ties they could draw on were crucial. Researchers from TS & ZL for instance, cited their local professor relationship as the primary reason for their decision to stay clear of criticizing a strict professor (see the example 2). This article reviews all local published pragmatic research on Korean up to 2020. It focuses on core practical issues, including: Discourse Construction Tests The discourse completion test (DCT) is widely used in pragmatic research. It has many advantages, but it also has a few drawbacks. For example the DCT is unable to account for cultural and individual differences in communication. Furthermore the DCT is prone to bias and can lead to overgeneralizations. It is important to carefully analyze the data before it is used in research or assessment. Despite its limitations the DCT can be a useful instrument to study the relationship between prosody, information structure, and non-native speakers. 프라그마틱 슬롯 to use two or more stages to alter social variables that affect politeness is a plus. This feature can be used to study the effect of prosody across cultural contexts. In the field of linguistics DCT is among the most effective tools used to study the behavior of communication learners. It can be used to examine various issues, including the manner of speaking, turn taking and lexical choice. It can also be used to assess the phonological difficulty of learners their speech. Recent research utilized the DCT as an instrument to test the refusal skills of EFL students. Participants were given various scenarios and were asked to choose the appropriate response from the choices provided. The authors concluded that the DCT was more efficient than other methods of refusal, including a questionnaire and video recordings. The researchers cautioned that the DCT should be employed with caution. They also suggested using other methods for data collection. DCTs can be developed using specific linguistic criteria, such as design and content. These criteria are intuitive and based on the assumptions of test developers. They aren't always correct, and they could incorrectly describe the way in which ELF learners actually resist requests in actual interactions. This issue calls for further investigation into alternative methods of measuring refusal competence. A recent study compared DCT responses to requests submitted by students via email versus those gathered from an oral DCT. The results revealed that the DCT encouraged more direct and conventionally form-based requests, and a lesser use of hints than the email data did. Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs) This study investigated Chinese learners' pragmatic decisions regarding their use of Korean by using a range of tools that were tested, including Discourse Completion Tasks (DCTs) as well as metapragmatic questionnaires and Refusal Interviews (RIs). Participants were 46 CLKs of upper-intermediate level who responded to MQs, DCTs, and RIs. They were also asked to provide reflections on their evaluations and their refusals to participate in RIs. The results showed that CLKs frequently chose to defy native Korean pragmatism norms. Their choices were influenced by four factors: their personalities and multilingual identities, their ongoing life histories as well as their relational affordances. These findings have implications for pedagogy for L2 Korean assessment. The MQ data was first analyzed to identify the participants' choices in practice. The data were classified according to Ishihara's (2010) definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, the responses were compared with their linguistic performance on the DCTs to determine whether they reflected pragmatic resistance or not. The interviewees also had to explain why they chose the pragmatic approach in certain situations. The results of the MQs and DCTs were then analysed using descriptive statistics and Z-tests. It was discovered that the CLKs frequently resorted to phrases like “sorry” and “thank you.” This is likely due to their lack of experience with the target language, which led to an insufficient understanding of korea pragmatic norms. The results showed that CLKs' preferences for either converging to L1 or departing from both L1 as well as L2 pragmatic norms varied by the DCT situations. In the scenarios 3 and 12, CLKs preferred diverging from both L1pragmatic norms and L2 norms, while in Situation 14, CLKs preferred convergence to L1 norms. The RIs revealed that CLKs knew about their logical resistance to every DCT situation. The RIs were conducted in a one-to-one manner within two days after the participants completed the MQs. The RIs, which were recorded and transcribed by two independent coders who then coded them. The coding was an iterative process in which the coders discussed and read each transcript. The results of the coding process were evaluated against the original RI transcripts, giving an indication of how well the RIs captured the underlying pragmatic behaviors. Refusal Interviews The most important issue in research on pragmatics is: Why do certain learners decide to not accept native-speaker norms? A recent study attempted to answer this question employing a range of experimental tools, including DCTs MQs, DCTs, and RIs. The participants comprised 46 CLKs, 44 CNSs, and 45 KNSs from five Korean universities. They were asked to complete the DCTs in their native language and complete the MQs either in their L1 or their L2. Then they were invited to a RI where they were asked to consider their responses to the DCT situations. The results showed that CLKs on average, did not follow the norms of native speakers in more than 40 percent of their responses. They did this despite the fact that they could produce patterns that closely resembled natives. In addition, they were conscious of their own pragmatism. They attributed their choice to learner-internal factors such as their personality and multilingual identities. They also mentioned external factors, such as relationships and benefits. For instance, they outlined how their relationships with professors facilitated more relaxed performance in regards to the intercultural and linguistic standards of their university. The interviewees expressed their concern about the social pressures or consequences they might face when their social norms were not followed. They were concerned that their local friends might perceive them as “foreigners” and believe that they are unintelligent. This was a concern similar to the concerns expressed by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009). These results suggest that native-speaker pragmatic norms are not the default preference of Korean learners. They could still be useful as a model for official Korean proficiency tests. Future researchers should reassess the applicability of these tests in different cultural contexts and in specific situations. This will enable them to better know how different cultures may impact the pragmatic behavior of L2 students in the classroom and beyond. Moreover it will assist educators to create more effective methods to teach and test the korea-based pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi, principal advisor at Stratways Group in Seoul, is a geopolitical risk consultancy. Case Studies The case study method is a research strategy that utilizes intensive, participant-centered research to explore a particular subject. It is a method that uses various sources of information to help support the findings, such as interviews and observations, documents, and artifacts. This type of investigation can be used to examine complicated or unique issues that are difficult to other methods to assess. The first step in the case study is to clearly define the subject and the goals of the study. This will allow you to identify which aspects of the topic must be investigated and which can be omitted. It is also helpful to read the research to gain a broad knowledge of the subject and put the issue in a wider theoretical context. This case study was built on an open-source platform, the KMMLU Leaderboard [50], and its benchmarks for Koreans, HyperCLOVA X and LDCC Solar (figure 1 below). The results of this experiment revealed that L2 Korean learners were particularly vulnerable to the influence of native models. They tended to choose wrong answer choices, which were literal interpretations. This was a departure from the correct pragmatic inference. They also had a strong tendency to include their own text or “garbage” to their responses. This also lowered the quality of their responses. The participants of this study were all L2 Korean students who had attained level four on the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK in their third or second year at university and hoped to attain level six on their next attempt. They were questioned about their WTC/SPCC, their pragmatic awareness and understanding understanding of the world. Interviewees were presented with two scenarios that involved interaction with their co-workers and asked to choose one of the strategies listed below to use when making an offer. They were then asked to provide the reasoning behind their choice. The majority of participants attributed their pragmatism to their personalities. For example, TS claimed that she was difficult to connect to, and therefore was reluctant to inquire about the health of her interlocutors despite having a heavy workload despite the fact that she believed that native Koreans would do so.